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Photography & Video tool

Exposure Stop Calculator

Compare shutter speed, aperture and ISO changes in photographic stops and calculate the net exposure difference between two settings.

Compare exposure settings in stops

Compare two shutter, aperture and ISO combinations and see the net exposure change.

A one-stop change is a factor of two in exposure. Aperture changes affect exposure with the square of the f-number ratio.
Example: 1/125 s = 0.008
Shutter change—
Aperture change—
ISO change—
Net exposure change—

How the Exposure Stop Calculator works

Exposure changes are conveniently expressed in stops because one stop represents a doubling or halving. For shutter time the stop change is log2(new time ÷ old time). Aperture uses two times log2(old f-number ÷ new f-number) because aperture area changes with the square of the f-number. ISO is compared as log2(new ISO ÷ old ISO).

How to use this exposure stop calculator

Enter the baseline exposure triangle and the new settings. Shutter time is entered in seconds, so 1/125 second is 0.008 and 1/1000 is 0.001. The calculator reports each component separately and then sums the stop changes. This makes it easy to verify whether one change was compensated by another.

How to interpret the result

A net result near zero means the two combinations are exposure-equivalent in the simple exposure model. A positive result is brighter and a negative result is darker. The separate component values are useful for understanding trade-offs: faster shutter reduces motion blur, wider aperture reduces depth of field, and higher ISO changes camera amplification/noise behavior.

Assumptions and limitations

The calculation does not know the scene luminance, flash contribution, lens transmission (T-stops), auto-ISO logic, highlight headroom or sensor response. Nominal shutter, f-number and ISO markings can also differ slightly from measured values. Treat stop arithmetic as a planning and comparison tool rather than a metrology result.

Practical example and workflow

Changing from 1/125 s at f/4 to 1/250 s at f/2.8 keeps ISO constant. The shutter loses about one stop while the wider aperture gains about one stop, producing a net result close to zero. That is a practical way to trade depth of field for motion control without changing nominal brightness.

Frequently asked questions

How much is one stop of exposure?
One stop is a factor of two: twice as much or half as much exposure depending on direction.
Why is aperture calculated differently from shutter speed?
The f-number is related to aperture diameter, while light-gathering area changes with the square of diameter, so the exposure relationship uses the squared f-number ratio.
Does doubling ISO always equal one stop?
In standard exposure arithmetic, doubling the ISO setting is treated as one stop, although measured camera response can differ from nominal labels.
What does a zero net stop change mean?
It means the shutter, aperture and ISO changes compensate mathematically, so the two settings are nominally exposure-equivalent.