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Molarity Calculator

Calculate molarity from solute mass, molecular weight and final volume, or calculate required mass for a target molarity.

Calculate molarity or required solute mass

Convert between mass, formula weight, solution volume and molar concentration.

Sigma-Aldrich expresses mass = molarity × volume × formula weight. This tool applies the same relationship in either direction.
Molarity—
Required / entered mass—
Moles of solute—
Concentration in mM—

How the Molarity Calculator works

Molarity is moles of solute per litre of final solution. Moles equal mass ÷ formula weight, so M = mass/(formula weight × litres). Rearranging gives mass = molarity × litres × formula weight, the same relationship shown in Sigma-Aldrich laboratory calculation guidance.

How to use this molarity calculator

Choose whether to solve for molarity or required mass. Enter the exact formula weight for the reagent form you are using, including hydrate or salt form where relevant, and the final prepared solution volume. When making a solution, dissolve the reagent and bring the solution to final volume rather than simply adding that volume of solvent.

How to interpret the result

The tool reports molarity in mol/L and mM plus moles of solute, which makes unit checks easier. If the formula weight is wrong, every concentration result will be wrong by the same proportional factor, so verify the bottle label, certificate of analysis or validated reagent specification.

Assumptions and limitations

Molarity is temperature-dependent through solution volume and does not directly describe activity, normality, osmolality or mass fraction. Purity and assay may require a correction not included here. Concentrated commercial acids/bases often need density and weight-percent calculations rather than a simple solid-mass formula.

Practical example and workflow

For 5.844 g NaCl (formula weight about 58.44 g/mol) brought to 1 litre final volume, the calculation gives 0.1 mol/L or 100 mM. Reversing the mode shows the same 5.844 g mass required for a 0.1 M, 1 L solution.

Frequently asked questions

What is the molarity formula?
Molarity = moles of solute divided by litres of final solution.
How do I calculate mass for a molar solution?
Mass in grams = target molarity × final volume in litres × formula weight in g/mol.
Should volume mean solvent volume or final solution volume?
Use final solution volume after the solute is dissolved and the solution is brought to volume.
Do hydrates change molecular weight?
Yes. Use the formula weight of the exact hydrated/salt form actually weighed.