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PCR Master Mix Calculator

Scale PCR master mix, primers and water across reactions with overage, using C1V1=C2V2 for primer volume and keeping template separate.

Calculate PCR master mix volumes

Scale common PCR components across reactions with an overage allowance and concentration-based primer calculation.

Thermo Fisher examples scale non-template PCR components for multiple reactions and use C1V1=C2V2 for primer/probe concentration. This tool does not prescribe assay chemistry.
Effective batch reactions—
Each primer / reaction—
Water / reaction—
Master-mix cocktail volume—
ComponentPer reactionBatch volume

How the PCR Master Mix Calculator works

The calculator derives each primer volume from stock concentration × volume = final concentration × final reaction volume. It then subtracts 2× master mix, both primer volumes and template from total reaction volume to calculate water. The shared cocktail is scaled by reaction count plus the entered overage; template is shown separately.

How to use this pcr master mix calculator

Enter your validated assay volumes and concentrations rather than treating the defaults as a protocol. Thermo Fisher PCR guidance shows the same C1V1=C2V2 approach for primer/probe calculation and often scales non-template components as a master mix to reduce pipetting variability. Choose an overage suitable for your plate size and pipetting losses.

How to interpret the result

The batch-reaction equivalent makes overage transparent. For 24 reactions with 10% overage, common cocktail components are prepared for 26.4 reaction equivalents. Template volume is not multiplied by overage in the shared cocktail because each sample/standard is typically added to its own reaction.

Assumptions and limitations

PCR formulations differ by polymerase mix, primer concentration, probes, MgCl2, additives and sample volume. Some kits have minimum/maximum template fractions. This calculator includes only two primers, 2× master mix, water and template; adapt your laboratory worksheet when additional components are required and always follow validated kit/SOP instructions.

Practical example and workflow

For a 20 µL reaction using 10 µL of 2× mix, 10 µM primers at 0.5 µM final, and 2 µL template, each primer contributes 1 µL and water is 6 µL. A 24-reaction run with 10% overage scales the shared 18 µL cocktail to 26.4 reaction equivalents.

Frequently asked questions

How is primer volume calculated?
Using C1V1=C2V2: primer stock concentration × primer volume = desired final concentration × final reaction volume.
Why is template excluded from the master mix?
Samples/standards usually differ by well, so template is commonly added separately while shared components are combined.
How much PCR overage should I use?
Use your laboratory SOP and pipetting workflow. The tool keeps the percentage editable rather than assuming one universal value.
Can this calculate probe volume or extra additives?
Not directly. Add those components to a laboratory-specific worksheet and reduce water accordingly.